feat: Use postgres as a queue

We've been keen to try this for a while as it means we can remove redis as a dependency, which makes Immich easier to setup and run. This replaces bullmq with a bespoke postgres queue. Jobs in the queue are processed either immediately via triggers and notifications, or eventually if a notification is missed.
2025-05-19 21:01:24 +02:00 · 2025-04-30 22:42:18 +01:00 · 2025-04-30 22:42:18 +01:00 · d46e5f2436
commit d46e5f2436
parent b845184c80
47 changed files with 751 additions and 933 deletions
--- a/docker/docker-compose.dev.yml
+++ b/docker/docker-compose.dev.yml
@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ services:
      - ${UPLOAD_LOCATION}/photos/upload:/usr/src/app/upload/upload
      - /usr/src/app/node_modules
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
+      - ../flickr30k-images:/flickr30k:ro
    env_file:
      - .env
    environment:
@ -58,7 +59,6 @@ services:
      - 9231:9231
      - 2283:2283
    depends_on:
-      - redis
      - database
    healthcheck:
      disable: false
@ -114,12 +114,6 @@ services:
    healthcheck:
      disable: false

-  redis:
-    container_name: immich_redis
-    image: docker.io/valkey/valkey:8-bookworm@sha256:c855f98e09d558a0d7cc1a4e56473231206a4c54c0114ada9c485b47aeb92ec8
-    healthcheck:
-      test: redis-cli ping || exit 1
-
  database:
    container_name: immich_postgres
    image: tensorchord/pgvecto-rs:pg14-v0.2.0@sha256:739cdd626151ff1f796dc95a6591b55a714f341c737e27f045019ceabf8e8c52
@ -154,25 +148,25 @@ services:
      -c wal_compression=on

  # set IMMICH_TELEMETRY_INCLUDE=all in .env to enable metrics
-  # immich-prometheus:
-  #   container_name: immich_prometheus
-  #   ports:
-  #     - 9090:9090
-  #   image: prom/prometheus
-  #   volumes:
-  #     - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
-  #     - prometheus-data:/prometheus
+  immich-prometheus:
+    container_name: immich_prometheus
+    ports:
+      - 9090:9090
+    image: prom/prometheus
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
+      - prometheus-data:/prometheus

  # first login uses admin/admin
  # add data source for http://immich-prometheus:9090 to get started
-  # immich-grafana:
-  #   container_name: immich_grafana
-  #   command: ['./run.sh', '-disable-reporting']
-  #   ports:
-  #     - 3000:3000
-  #   image: grafana/grafana:10.3.3-ubuntu
-  #   volumes:
-  #     - grafana-data:/var/lib/grafana
+  immich-grafana:
+    container_name: immich_grafana
+    command: ['./run.sh', '-disable-reporting']
+    ports:
+      - 3001:3000
+    image: grafana/grafana:10.3.3-ubuntu
+    volumes:
+      - grafana-data:/var/lib/grafana

 volumes:
  model-cache:
--- a/docker/docker-compose.prod.yml
+++ b/docker/docker-compose.prod.yml
@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ services:
    ports:
      - 2283:2283
    depends_on:
-      - redis
      - database
    restart: always
    healthcheck:
@ -54,13 +53,6 @@ services:
    healthcheck:
      disable: false

-  redis:
-    container_name: immich_redis
-    image: docker.io/valkey/valkey:8-bookworm@sha256:c855f98e09d558a0d7cc1a4e56473231206a4c54c0114ada9c485b47aeb92ec8
-    healthcheck:
-      test: redis-cli ping || exit 1
-    restart: always
-
  database:
    container_name: immich_postgres
    image: tensorchord/pgvecto-rs:pg14-v0.2.0@sha256:739cdd626151ff1f796dc95a6591b55a714f341c737e27f045019ceabf8e8c52
--- a/docker/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker/docker-compose.yml
@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ services:
    ports:
      - '2283:2283'
    depends_on:
-      - redis
      - database
    restart: always
    healthcheck:
@ -47,13 +46,6 @@ services:
    healthcheck:
      disable: false

-  redis:
-    container_name: immich_redis
-    image: docker.io/valkey/valkey:8-bookworm@sha256:c855f98e09d558a0d7cc1a4e56473231206a4c54c0114ada9c485b47aeb92ec8
-    healthcheck:
-      test: redis-cli ping || exit 1
-    restart: always
-
  database:
    container_name: immich_postgres
    image: docker.io/tensorchord/pgvecto-rs:pg14-v0.2.0@sha256:739cdd626151ff1f796dc95a6591b55a714f341c737e27f045019ceabf8e8c52
--- a/docker/prometheus.yml
+++ b/docker/prometheus.yml
@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 global:
-  scrape_interval:     15s
-  evaluation_interval: 15s
+  scrape_interval: 3s
+  evaluation_interval: 3s

 scrape_configs:
  - job_name: immich_api
+    scrape_interval: 3s
    static_configs:
-      - targets: ['immich-server:8081']
+      - targets: ["immich-server:8081"]

  - job_name: immich_microservices
+    scrape_interval:
    static_configs:
-      - targets: ['immich-server:8082']
+      - targets: ["immich-server:8082"]
--- a/docs/docs/FAQ.mdx
+++ b/docs/docs/FAQ.mdx
@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ You can use [Smart Search](/docs/features/searching.md) for this to some extent.

 ### I'm getting a lot of "faces" that aren't faces, what can I do?

-You can increase the MIN DETECTION SCORE to 0.8 to help prevent bad thumbnails. Setting the score too high (above 0.9) might filter out too many real faces depending on the library used. If you just want to hide specific faces, you can adjust the 'MIN FACES DETECTED' setting in the administration panel  
+You can increase the MIN DETECTION SCORE to 0.8 to help prevent bad thumbnails. Setting the score too high (above 0.9) might filter out too many real faces depending on the library used. If you just want to hide specific faces, you can adjust the 'MIN FACES DETECTED' setting in the administration panel
 to increase the bar for what the algorithm considers a "core face" for that person, reducing the chance of bad thumbnails being chosen.

 ### The immich_model-cache volume takes up a lot of space, what could be the problem?
@ -367,12 +367,6 @@ You need to [enable WebSockets](/docs/administration/reverse-proxy/) on your rev

 Immich components are typically deployed using docker. To see logs for deployed docker containers, you can use the [Docker CLI](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/), specifically the `docker logs` command. For examples, see [Docker Help](/docs/guides/docker-help.md).

-### How can I reduce the log verbosity of Redis?
-
-To decrease Redis logs, you can add the following line to the `redis:` section of the `docker-compose.yml`:
-
-`    command: redis-server --loglevel warning`
-
 ### How can I run Immich as a non-root user?

 You can change the user in the container by setting the `user` argument in `docker-compose.yml` for each service.
@ -380,7 +374,6 @@ You may need to add mount points or docker volumes for the following internal co

 - `immich-machine-learning:/.config`
 - `immich-machine-learning:/.cache`
- `redis:/data`

 The non-root user/group needs read/write access to the volume mounts, including `UPLOAD_LOCATION` and `/cache` for machine-learning.

@ -425,7 +418,7 @@ After removing the containers and volumes, there are a few directories that need
 - `UPLOAD_LOCATION` contains all the media uploaded to Immich.

 :::note Portainer
-If you use portainer, bring down the stack in portainer. Go into the volumes section  
+If you use portainer, bring down the stack in portainer. Go into the volumes section
 and remove all the volumes related to immich then restart the stack.
 :::

--- a/docs/docs/developer/architecture.mdx
+++ b/docs/docs/developer/architecture.mdx
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Immich uses a traditional client-server design, with a dedicated database for da

 <img alt="Immich Architecture" src={AppArchitecture} className="p-4 dark:bg-immich-dark-primary my-4" />

-The diagram shows clients communicating with the server's API via REST. The server communicates with downstream systems (i.e. Redis, Postgres, Machine Learning, file system) through repository interfaces. Not shown in the diagram, is that the server is split into two separate containers `immich-server` and `immich-microservices`. The microservices container does not handle API requests or schedule cron jobs, but primarily handles incoming job requests from Redis.
+The diagram shows clients communicating with the server's API via REST. The server communicates with downstream systems (i.e. Postgres, Machine Learning, file system) through repository interfaces. Not shown in the diagram, is that the server is split into two separate containers `immich-server` and `immich-microservices`. The microservices container does not handle API requests or schedule cron jobs, but primarily handles incoming job requests from Postgres.

 ## Clients

@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ The Immich backend is divided into several services, which are run as individual
 1. `immich-server` - Handle and respond to REST API requests, execute background jobs (thumbnail generation, metadata extraction, transcoding, etc.)
 1. `immich-machine-learning` - Execute machine learning models
 1. `postgres` - Persistent data storage
-1. `redis`- Queue management for background jobs

 ### Immich Server

@ -111,7 +110,3 @@ Immich persists data in Postgres, which includes information about access and au
 :::info
 See [Database Migrations](./database-migrations.md) for more information about how to modify the database to create an index, modify a table, add a new column, etc.
 :::
-
-### Redis
-
-Immich uses [Redis](https://redis.com/) via [BullMQ](https://docs.bullmq.io/) to manage job queues. Some jobs trigger subsequent jobs. For example, Smart Search and Facial Recognition relies on thumbnail generation and automatically run after one is generated.
--- a/docs/docs/developer/setup.md
+++ b/docs/docs/developer/setup.md
@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ This environment includes the services below. Additional details are available i
 - Server - [`/server`](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/tree/main/server)
 - Web app - [`/web`](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/tree/main/web)
 - Machine learning - [`/machine-learning`](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/tree/main/machine-learning)
- Redis
 - PostgreSQL development database with exposed port `5432` so you can use any database client to access it

 All the services are packaged to run as with single Docker Compose command.
--- a/docs/docs/guides/scaling-immich.md
+++ b/docs/docs/guides/scaling-immich.md
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Scaling Immich

-Immich is built with modern deployment practices in mind, and the backend is designed to be able to run multiple instances in parallel. When doing this, the only requirement you need to be aware of is that every instance needs to be connected to the shared infrastructure. That means they should all have access to the same Postgres and Redis instances, and have the same files mounted into the containers.
+Immich is built with modern deployment practices in mind, and the backend is designed to be able to run multiple instances in parallel. When doing this, the only requirement you need to be aware of is that every instance needs to be connected to the shared infrastructure. That means they should all have access to the same Postgres instance, and have the same files mounted into the containers.

 Scaling can be useful for many reasons. Maybe you have a gaming PC that you want to use for transcoding and thumbnail generation, or perhaps you run a Kubernetes cluster across a handful of powerful servers that you want to make use of.

@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ By default, each running `immich-server` container comes with multiple internal

 ## Scaling down

-In the same way you can scale up to multiple containers, you can also choose to scale down. All state is stored in Postgres, Redis, and the filesystem so there is no risk in stopping a running immich-server container, for example if you want to use your GPU to play some games. As long as there is an API worker running you will still be able to browse Immich, and jobs will wait to be processed until there is a worker available for them.
+In the same way you can scale up to multiple containers, you can also choose to scale down. All state is stored in Postgres and the filesystem so there is no risk in stopping a running immich-server container, for example if you want to use your GPU to play some games. As long as there is an API worker running you will still be able to browse Immich, and jobs will wait to be processed until there is a worker available for them.
--- a/docs/docs/install/environment-variables.md
+++ b/docs/docs/install/environment-variables.md
@ -98,54 +98,6 @@ When `DB_URL` is defined, the `DB_HOSTNAME`, `DB_PORT`, `DB_USERNAME`, `DB_PASSW

 :::

-## Redis
-
-| Variable         | Description    | Default | Containers |
-| :--------------- | :------------- | :-----: | :--------- |
-| `REDIS_URL`      | Redis URL      |         | server     |
-| `REDIS_SOCKET`   | Redis socket   |         | server     |
-| `REDIS_HOSTNAME` | Redis host     | `redis` | server     |
-| `REDIS_PORT`     | Redis port     | `6379`  | server     |
-| `REDIS_USERNAME` | Redis username |         | server     |
-| `REDIS_PASSWORD` | Redis password |         | server     |
-| `REDIS_DBINDEX`  | Redis DB index |   `0`   | server     |
-
-:::info
-All `REDIS_` variables must be provided to all Immich workers, including `api` and `microservices`.
-
-`REDIS_URL` must start with `ioredis://` and then include a `base64` encoded JSON string for the configuration.
-More information can be found in the upstream [ioredis] documentation.
-
-When `REDIS_URL` or `REDIS_SOCKET` are defined, the `REDIS_HOSTNAME`, `REDIS_PORT`, `REDIS_USERNAME`, `REDIS_PASSWORD`, and `REDIS_DBINDEX` variables are ignored.
-:::
-
-Redis (Sentinel) URL example JSON before encoding:
-
-<details>
-<summary>JSON</summary>
-
-```json
-{
-  "sentinels": [
-    {
-      "host": "redis-sentinel-node-0",
-      "port": 26379
-    },
-    {
-      "host": "redis-sentinel-node-1",
-      "port": 26379
-    },
-    {
-      "host": "redis-sentinel-node-2",
-      "port": 26379
-    }
-  ],
-  "name": "redis-sentinel"
-}
-```
-
-</details>
-
 ## Machine Learning

 | Variable                                                    | Description                                                                                         |             Default             | Containers       |
@ -212,16 +164,10 @@ the `_FILE` variable should be set to the path of a file containing the variable
 | `DB_USERNAME`      | `DB_USERNAME_FILE`<sup>\*1</sup>            |
 | `DB_PASSWORD`      | `DB_PASSWORD_FILE`<sup>\*1</sup>            |
 | `DB_URL`           | `DB_URL_FILE`<sup>\*1</sup>                 |
-| `REDIS_PASSWORD`   | `REDIS_PASSWORD_FILE`<sup>\*2</sup>         |

 \*1: See the [official documentation][docker-secrets-docs] for
 details on how to use Docker Secrets in the Postgres image.

-\*2: See [this comment][docker-secrets-example] for an example of how
-to use a Docker secret for the password in the Redis container.
-
 [tz-list]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List
-[docker-secrets-example]: https://github.com/docker-library/redis/issues/46#issuecomment-335326234
 [docker-secrets-docs]: https://github.com/docker-library/docs/tree/master/postgres#docker-secrets
 [docker-secrets]: https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/secrets/
-[ioredis]: https://ioredis.readthedocs.io/en/latest/README/#connect-to-redis
--- a/docs/docs/install/truenas.md
+++ b/docs/docs/install/truenas.md
@ -107,8 +107,6 @@ Accept the default option or select the **Machine Learning Image Type** for your

 Immich's default is `postgres` but you should consider setting the **Database Password** to a custom value using only the characters `A-Za-z0-9`.

-The **Redis Password** should be set to a custom value using only the characters `A-Za-z0-9`.
-
 Accept the **Log Level** default of **Log**.

 Leave **Hugging Face Endpoint** blank. (This is for downloading ML models from a different source.)
@ -242,7 +240,7 @@ className="border rounded-xl"
 :::info
 Some Environment Variables are not available for the TrueNAS SCALE app. This is mainly because they can be configured through GUI options in the [Edit Immich screen](#edit-app-settings).

-Some examples are: `IMMICH_VERSION`, `UPLOAD_LOCATION`, `DB_DATA_LOCATION`, `TZ`, `IMMICH_LOG_LEVEL`, `DB_PASSWORD`, `REDIS_PASSWORD`.
+Some examples are: `IMMICH_VERSION`, `UPLOAD_LOCATION`, `DB_DATA_LOCATION`, `TZ`, `IMMICH_LOG_LEVEL`, `DB_PASSWORD`.
 :::

 ## Updating the App
--- a/docs/docs/install/unraid.md
+++ b/docs/docs/install/unraid.md
@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ Immich can easily be installed and updated on Unraid via:

 :::

-In order to install Immich from the Unraid CA, you will need an existing Redis and PostgreSQL 14 container, If you do not already have Redis or PostgreSQL you can install them from the Unraid CA, just make sure you choose PostgreSQL **14**.
+In order to install Immich from the Unraid CA, you will need an existing PostgreSQL 14 container, If you do not already have PostgreSQL you can install it from the Unraid CA, just make sure you choose PostgreSQL **14**.

-Once you have Redis and PostgreSQL running, search for Immich on the Unraid CA, choose either of the templates listed and fill out the example variables.
+Once you have PostgreSQL running, search for Immich on the Unraid CA, choose either of the templates listed and fill out the example variables.

 For more information about setting up the community image see [here](https://github.com/imagegenius/docker-immich#application-setup)

@ -45,63 +45,63 @@ width="70%"
 alt="Select Plugins > Compose.Manager > Add New Stack > Label it Immich"
 />

-3.  Select the cogwheel ⚙️ next to Immich and click "**Edit Stack**"
-4.  Click "**Compose File**" and then paste the entire contents of the [Immich Docker Compose](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/releases/latest/download/docker-compose.yml) file into the Unraid editor. Remove any text that may be in the text area by default. Note that Unraid v6.12.10 uses version 24.0.9 of the Docker Engine, which does not support healthcheck `start_interval` as defined in the `database` service of the Docker compose file (version 25 or higher is needed). This parameter defines an initial waiting period before starting health checks, to give the container time to start up. Commenting out the `start_interval` and `start_period` parameters will allow the containers to start up normally. The only downside to this is that the database container will not receive an initial health check until `interval` time has passed.
+3. Select the cogwheel ⚙️ next to Immich and click "**Edit Stack**"
+4. Click "**Compose File**" and then paste the entire contents of the [Immich Docker Compose](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/releases/latest/download/docker-compose.yml) file into the Unraid editor. Remove any text that may be in the text area by default. Note that Unraid v6.12.10 uses version 24.0.9 of the Docker Engine, which does not support healthcheck `start_interval` as defined in the `database` service of the Docker compose file (version 25 or higher is needed). This parameter defines an initial waiting period before starting health checks, to give the container time to start up. Commenting out the `start_interval` and `start_period` parameters will allow the containers to start up normally. The only downside to this is that the database container will not receive an initial health check until `interval` time has passed.

-    <details >
-        <summary>Using an existing Postgres container? Click me! Otherwise proceed to step 5.</summary>
-        <ul>
-            <li>Comment out the database service</li>
-            <img
-                src={require('./img/unraid02.webp').default}
-                width="50%"
-                alt="Comment out database service in the compose file"
-            />
-            <li>Comment out the database dependency for <b>each service</b> <i>(example in screenshot below only shows 2 of the services - ensure you do this for all services)</i></li>
-            <img
-                src={require('./img/unraid03.webp').default}
-                width="50%"
-                alt="Comment out every reference to the database service in the compose file"
-            />
-            <li>Comment out the volumes</li>
-            <img
-                src={require('./img/unraid04.webp').default}
-                width="20%"
-                alt="Comment out database volume"
-            />
-        </ul>
-    </details>
+<details >
+    <summary>Using an existing Postgres container? Click me! Otherwise proceed to step 5.</summary>
+    <ul>
+        <li>Comment out the database service</li>
+        <img
+            src={require('./img/unraid02.webp').default}
+            width="50%"
+            alt="Comment out database service in the compose file"
+        />
+        <li>Comment out the database dependency for <b>each service</b> <i>(example in screenshot below only shows 2 of the services - ensure you do this for all services)</i></li>
+        <img
+            src={require('./img/unraid03.webp').default}
+            width="50%"
+            alt="Comment out every reference to the database service in the compose file"
+        />
+        <li>Comment out the volumes</li>
+        <img
+            src={require('./img/unraid04.webp').default}
+            width="20%"
+            alt="Comment out database volume"
+        />
+    </ul>
+</details>

-5.  Click "**Save Changes**", you will be prompted to edit stack UI labels, just leave this blank and click "**Ok**"
-6.  Select the cog ⚙️ next to Immich, click "**Edit Stack**", then click "**Env File**"
-7.  Paste the entire contents of the [Immich example.env](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/releases/latest/download/example.env) file into the Unraid editor, then **before saving** edit the following:
+5. Click "**Save Changes**", you will be prompted to edit stack UI labels, just leave this blank and click "**Ok**"
+6. Select the cog ⚙️ next to Immich, click "**Edit Stack**", then click "**Env File**"
+7. Paste the entire contents of the [Immich example.env](https://github.com/immich-app/immich/releases/latest/download/example.env) file into the Unraid editor, then **before saving** edit the following:

-    - `UPLOAD_LOCATION`: Create a folder in your Images Unraid share and place the **absolute** location here > For example my _"images"_ share has a folder within it called _"immich"_. If I browse to this directory in the terminal and type `pwd` the output is `/mnt/user/images/immich`. This is the exact value I need to enter as my `UPLOAD_LOCATION`
-    - `DB_DATA_LOCATION`: Change this to use an Unraid share (preferably a cache pool, e.g. `/mnt/user/appdata/postgresql/data`). This uses the `appdata` share. Do also create the `postgresql` folder, by running `mkdir /mnt/user/{share_location}/postgresql/data`. If left at default it will try to use Unraid's `/boot/config/plugins/compose.manager/projects/[stack_name]/postgres` folder which it doesn't have permissions to, resulting in this container continuously restarting.
+   - `UPLOAD_LOCATION`: Create a folder in your Images Unraid share and place the **absolute** location here > For example my _"images"_ share has a folder within it called _"immich"_. If I browse to this directory in the terminal and type `pwd` the output is `/mnt/user/images/immich`. This is the exact value I need to enter as my `UPLOAD_LOCATION`
+   - `DB_DATA_LOCATION`: Change this to use an Unraid share (preferably a cache pool, e.g. `/mnt/user/appdata/postgresql/data`). This uses the `appdata` share. Do also create the `postgresql` folder, by running `mkdir /mnt/user/{share_location}/postgresql/data`. If left at default it will try to use Unraid's `/boot/config/plugins/compose.manager/projects/[stack_name]/postgres` folder which it doesn't have permissions to, resulting in this container continuously restarting.

-      <img
-      src={require('./img/unraid05.webp').default}
-      width="70%"
-      alt="Absolute location of where you want immich images stored"
-      />
+     <img
+     src={require('./img/unraid05.webp').default}
+     width="70%"
+     alt="Absolute location of where you want immich images stored"
+     />

-    <details >
-        <summary>Using an existing Postgres container? Click me! Otherwise proceed to step 8.</summary>
-        <p>Update the following database variables as relevant to your Postgres container:</p>
-        <ul>
-            <li><code>DB_HOSTNAME</code></li>
-            <li><code>DB_USERNAME</code></li>
-            <li><code>DB_PASSWORD</code></li>
-            <li><code>DB_DATABASE_NAME</code></li>
-            <li><code>DB_PORT</code></li>
-        </ul>
-    </details>
+   <details >
+       <summary>Using an existing Postgres container? Click me! Otherwise proceed to step 8.</summary>
+       <p>Update the following database variables as relevant to your Postgres container:</p>
+       <ul>
+           <li><code>DB_HOSTNAME</code></li>
+           <li><code>DB_USERNAME</code></li>
+           <li><code>DB_PASSWORD</code></li>
+           <li><code>DB_DATABASE_NAME</code></li>
+           <li><code>DB_PORT</code></li>
+       </ul>
+   </details>

-8.  Click "**Save Changes**" followed by "**Compose Up**" and Unraid will begin to create the Immich containers in a popup window. Once complete you will see a message on the popup window stating _"Connection Closed"_. Click "**Done**" and go to the Unraid "**Docker**" page
+8. Click "**Save Changes**" followed by "**Compose Up**" and Unraid will begin to create the Immich containers in a popup window. Once complete you will see a message on the popup window stating _"Connection Closed"_. Click "**Done**" and go to the Unraid "**Docker**" page

-    > Note: This can take several minutes depending on your Internet speed and Unraid hardware
+   > Note: This can take several minutes depending on your Internet speed and Unraid hardware

-9.  Once on the Docker page you will see several Immich containers, one of them will be labelled `immich_server` and will have a port mapping. Visit the `IP:PORT` displayed in your web browser and you should see the Immich admin setup page.
+9. Once on the Docker page you will see several Immich containers, one of them will be labelled `immich_server` and will have a port mapping. Visit the `IP:PORT` displayed in your web browser and you should see the Immich admin setup page.

 <img
 src={require('./img/unraid06.webp').default}
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ alt="Go to Docker Tab and visit the address listed next to immich-web"
        width="90%"
        alt="Go to Docker Tab and visit the address listed next to immich-web"
    />
-    
+
 </details>

 :::tip
--- a/e2e/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/e2e/docker-compose.yml
@ -28,14 +28,10 @@ services:
    extra_hosts:
      - 'auth-server:host-gateway'
    depends_on:
-      - redis
      - database
    ports:
      - 2285:2285

-  redis:
-    image: redis:6.2-alpine@sha256:3211c33a618c457e5d241922c975dbc4f446d0bdb2dc75694f5573ef8e2d01fa
-
  database:
    image: tensorchord/pgvecto-rs:pg14-v0.2.0@sha256:739cdd626151ff1f796dc95a6591b55a714f341c737e27f045019ceabf8e8c52
    command: -c fsync=off -c shared_preload_libraries=vectors.so
--- a/e2e/src/api/specs/jobs.e2e-spec.ts
+++ b/e2e/src/api/specs/jobs.e2e-spec.ts
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ describe('/jobs', () => {
      }

      await utils.jobCommand(admin.accessToken, JobName.MetadataExtraction, {
-        command: JobCommand.Empty,
+        command: JobCommand.Clear,
        force: false,
      });

@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ describe('/jobs', () => {
      expect(assetBefore.thumbhash).toBeNull();

      await utils.jobCommand(admin.accessToken, JobName.ThumbnailGeneration, {
-        command: JobCommand.Empty,
+        command: JobCommand.Clear,
        force: false,
      });

--- a/install.sh
+++ b/install.sh
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ show_friendly_message() {
 Successfully deployed Immich!
 You can access the website or the mobile app at http://$ip_address:2283
 ---------------------------------------------------
-If you want to configure custom information of the server, including the database, Redis information, or the backup (or upload) location, etc.
+If you want to configure custom information of the server, including the database, or the backup (or upload) location, etc.

  1. First bring down the containers with the command 'docker compose down' in the immich-app directory,

--- a/mobile/openapi/lib/model/job_command.dart
+++ b/mobile/openapi/lib/model/job_command.dart
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class JobCommand {
  static const start = JobCommand._(r'start');
  static const pause = JobCommand._(r'pause');
  static const resume = JobCommand._(r'resume');
-  static const empty = JobCommand._(r'empty');
+  static const clear = JobCommand._(r'clear');
  static const clearFailed = JobCommand._(r'clear-failed');

  /// List of all possible values in this [enum][JobCommand].
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class JobCommand {
    start,
    pause,
    resume,
-    empty,
+    clear,
    clearFailed,
  ];

@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class JobCommandTypeTransformer {
        case r'start': return JobCommand.start;
        case r'pause': return JobCommand.pause;
        case r'resume': return JobCommand.resume;
-        case r'empty': return JobCommand.empty;
+        case r'clear': return JobCommand.clear;
        case r'clear-failed': return JobCommand.clearFailed;
        default:
          if (!allowNull) {
--- a/mobile/openapi/lib/model/job_counts_dto.dart
+++ b/mobile/openapi/lib/model/job_counts_dto.dart
@ -14,54 +14,42 @@ class JobCountsDto {
  /// Returns a new [JobCountsDto] instance.
  JobCountsDto({
    required this.active,
-    required this.completed,
    required this.delayed,
    required this.failed,
-    required this.paused,
    required this.waiting,
  });

  int active;

-  int completed;
-
  int delayed;

  int failed;

-  int paused;
-
  int waiting;

  @override
  bool operator ==(Object other) => identical(this, other) || other is JobCountsDto &&
    other.active == active &&
-    other.completed == completed &&
    other.delayed == delayed &&
    other.failed == failed &&
-    other.paused == paused &&
    other.waiting == waiting;

  @override
  int get hashCode =>
    // ignore: unnecessary_parenthesis
    (active.hashCode) +
-    (completed.hashCode) +
    (delayed.hashCode) +
    (failed.hashCode) +
-    (paused.hashCode) +
    (waiting.hashCode);

  @override
-  String toString() => 'JobCountsDto[active=$active, completed=$completed, delayed=$delayed, failed=$failed, paused=$paused, waiting=$waiting]';
+  String toString() => 'JobCountsDto[active=$active, delayed=$delayed, failed=$failed, waiting=$waiting]';

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() {
    final json = <String, dynamic>{};
      json[r'active'] = this.active;
-      json[r'completed'] = this.completed;
      json[r'delayed'] = this.delayed;
      json[r'failed'] = this.failed;
-      json[r'paused'] = this.paused;
      json[r'waiting'] = this.waiting;
    return json;
  }
@ -76,10 +64,8 @@ class JobCountsDto {

      return JobCountsDto(
        active: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'active')!,
-        completed: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'completed')!,
        delayed: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'delayed')!,
        failed: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'failed')!,
-        paused: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'paused')!,
        waiting: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'waiting')!,
      );
    }
@ -129,10 +115,8 @@ class JobCountsDto {
  /// The list of required keys that must be present in a JSON.
  static const requiredKeys = <String>{
    'active',
-    'completed',
    'delayed',
    'failed',
-    'paused',
    'waiting',
  };
 }
--- a/mobile/openapi/lib/model/queue_status_dto.dart
+++ b/mobile/openapi/lib/model/queue_status_dto.dart
@ -13,32 +13,26 @@ part of openapi.api;
 class QueueStatusDto {
  /// Returns a new [QueueStatusDto] instance.
  QueueStatusDto({
-    required this.isActive,
-    required this.isPaused,
+    required this.paused,
  });

-  bool isActive;
-
-  bool isPaused;
+  bool paused;

  @override
  bool operator ==(Object other) => identical(this, other) || other is QueueStatusDto &&
-    other.isActive == isActive &&
-    other.isPaused == isPaused;
+    other.paused == paused;

  @override
  int get hashCode =>
    // ignore: unnecessary_parenthesis
-    (isActive.hashCode) +
-    (isPaused.hashCode);
+    (paused.hashCode);

  @override
-  String toString() => 'QueueStatusDto[isActive=$isActive, isPaused=$isPaused]';
+  String toString() => 'QueueStatusDto[paused=$paused]';

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() {
    final json = <String, dynamic>{};
-      json[r'isActive'] = this.isActive;
-      json[r'isPaused'] = this.isPaused;
+      json[r'paused'] = this.paused;
    return json;
  }

@ -51,8 +45,7 @@ class QueueStatusDto {
      final json = value.cast<String, dynamic>();

      return QueueStatusDto(
-        isActive: mapValueOfType<bool>(json, r'isActive')!,
-        isPaused: mapValueOfType<bool>(json, r'isPaused')!,
+        paused: mapValueOfType<bool>(json, r'paused')!,
      );
    }
    return null;
@ -100,8 +93,7 @@ class QueueStatusDto {

  /// The list of required keys that must be present in a JSON.
  static const requiredKeys = <String>{
-    'isActive',
-    'isPaused',
+    'paused',
  };
 }

--- a/open-api/immich-openapi-specs.json
+++ b/open-api/immich-openapi-specs.json
@ -9621,7 +9621,7 @@
          "start",
          "pause",
          "resume",
-          "empty",
+          "clear",
          "clear-failed"
        ],
        "type": "string"
@ -9649,28 +9649,20 @@
          "active": {
            "type": "integer"
          },
-          "completed": {
-            "type": "integer"
-          },
          "delayed": {
            "type": "integer"
          },
          "failed": {
            "type": "integer"
          },
-          "paused": {
-            "type": "integer"
-          },
          "waiting": {
            "type": "integer"
          }
        },
        "required": [
          "active",
-          "completed",
          "delayed",
          "failed",
-          "paused",
          "waiting"
        ],
        "type": "object"
@ -11007,16 +10999,12 @@
      },
      "QueueStatusDto": {
        "properties": {
-          "isActive": {
-            "type": "boolean"
-          },
-          "isPaused": {
+          "paused": {
            "type": "boolean"
          }
        },
        "required": [
-          "isActive",
-          "isPaused"
+          "paused"
        ],
        "type": "object"
      },
--- a/open-api/typescript-sdk/src/fetch-client.ts
+++ b/open-api/typescript-sdk/src/fetch-client.ts
@ -577,15 +577,12 @@ export type FaceDto = {
 };
 export type JobCountsDto = {
    active: number;
-    completed: number;
    delayed: number;
    failed: number;
-    paused: number;
    waiting: number;
 };
 export type QueueStatusDto = {
-    isActive: boolean;
-    isPaused: boolean;
+    paused: boolean;
 };
 export type JobStatusDto = {
    jobCounts: JobCountsDto;
@ -3673,7 +3670,7 @@ export enum JobCommand {
    Start = "start",
    Pause = "pause",
    Resume = "resume",
-    Empty = "empty",
+    Clear = "clear",
    ClearFailed = "clear-failed"
 }
 export enum MemoryType {
--- a/server/package-lock.json
+++ b/server/package-lock.json
@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
      "hasInstallScript": true,
      "license": "GNU Affero General Public License version 3",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@nestjs/bullmq": "^11.0.1",
        "@nestjs/common": "^11.0.4",
        "@nestjs/core": "^11.0.4",
        "@nestjs/event-emitter": "^3.0.0",
@ -24,11 +23,11 @@
        "@opentelemetry/exporter-prometheus": "^0.200.0",
        "@opentelemetry/sdk-node": "^0.200.0",
        "@react-email/components": "^0.0.36",
-        "@socket.io/redis-adapter": "^8.3.0",
+        "@socket.io/postgres-adapter": "^0.4.0",
+        "@types/pg": "^8.11.14",
        "archiver": "^7.0.0",
        "async-lock": "^1.4.0",
        "bcrypt": "^5.1.1",
-        "bullmq": "^4.8.0",
        "chokidar": "^3.5.3",
        "class-transformer": "^0.5.1",
        "class-validator": "^0.14.0",
@ -39,9 +38,9 @@
        "fast-glob": "^3.3.2",
        "fluent-ffmpeg": "^2.1.2",
        "geo-tz": "^8.0.0",
+        "graphile-worker": "^0.16.6",
        "handlebars": "^4.7.8",
        "i18n-iso-countries": "^7.6.0",
-        "ioredis": "^5.3.2",
        "joi": "^17.10.0",
        "js-yaml": "^4.1.0",
        "kysely": "^0.28.0",
@ -54,7 +53,7 @@
        "nestjs-otel": "^6.0.0",
        "nodemailer": "^6.9.13",
        "openid-client": "^6.3.3",
-        "pg": "^8.11.3",
+        "pg": "^8.15.6",
        "picomatch": "^4.0.2",
        "react": "^19.0.0",
        "react-dom": "^19.0.0",
@ -80,7 +79,6 @@
        "@nestjs/testing": "^11.0.4",
        "@swc/core": "^1.4.14",
        "@testcontainers/postgresql": "^10.2.1",
-        "@testcontainers/redis": "^10.18.0",
        "@types/archiver": "^6.0.0",
        "@types/async-lock": "^1.4.2",
        "@types/bcrypt": "^5.0.0",
@ -1072,6 +1070,12 @@
        "@nestjs/core": "^10.x || ^11.0.0"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@graphile/logger": {
+      "version": "0.2.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@graphile/logger/-/logger-0.2.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-jjcWBokl9eb1gVJ85QmoaQ73CQ52xAaOCF29ukRbYNl6lY+ts0ErTaDYOBlejcbUs2OpaiqYLO5uDhyLFzWw4w==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
    "node_modules/@grpc/grpc-js": {
      "version": "1.13.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@grpc/grpc-js/-/grpc-js-1.13.3.tgz",
@ -1883,7 +1887,9 @@
      "version": "1.2.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@ioredis/commands/-/commands-1.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Sx1pU8EM64o2BrqNpEO1CNLtKQwyhuXuqyfH7oGKCk+1a33d2r5saW8zNwm3j6BTExtjrv2BxTgzzkMwts6vGg==",
-      "license": "MIT"
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true
    },
    "node_modules/@isaacs/cliui": {
      "version": "8.0.2",
@ -2118,45 +2124,13 @@
      "integrity": "sha512-4aErSrCR/On/e5G2hDP0wjooqDdauzEbIq8hIkIe5pXV0rtWJZvdCEKL0ykZxex+IxIwBp0eGeV48hQN07dXtw==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
-    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64": {
-      "version": "3.0.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64/-/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64-3.0.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-cvwNfbP07pKUfq1uH+S6KJ7dT9K8WOE4ZiAcsrSes+UY55E/0jLYc+vq+DO7jlmqRb5zAggExKm0H7O/CBaesg==",
-      "cpu": [
-        "x64"
-      ],
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "optional": true,
-      "os": [
-        "linux"
-      ]
-    },
-    "node_modules/@nestjs/bull-shared": {
-      "version": "11.0.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nestjs/bull-shared/-/bull-shared-11.0.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-dFlttJvBqIFD6M8JVFbkrR4Feb39OTAJPJpFVILU50NOJCM4qziRw3dSNG84Q3v+7/M6xUGMFdZRRGvBBKxoSA==",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "tslib": "2.8.1"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "@nestjs/common": "^10.0.0 || ^11.0.0",
-        "@nestjs/core": "^10.0.0 || ^11.0.0"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/@nestjs/bullmq": {
-      "version": "11.0.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nestjs/bullmq/-/bullmq-11.0.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Lq6lGpKkETsm0RDcUktlzsthFoE3A5QTMp2FwPi1eztKqKD6/90KS1TcnC9CJFzjpUaYnQzIMrlNs55e+/wsHA==",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "@nestjs/bull-shared": "^11.0.2",
-        "tslib": "2.8.1"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "@nestjs/common": "^10.0.0 || ^11.0.0",
-        "@nestjs/core": "^10.0.0 || ^11.0.0",
-        "bullmq": "^3.0.0 || ^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0"
+    "node_modules/@msgpack/msgpack": {
+      "version": "2.8.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpack/msgpack/-/msgpack-2.8.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-h9u4u/jiIRKbq25PM+zymTyW6bhTzELvOoUd+AvYriWOAKpLGnIamaET3pnHYoI5iYphAHBI4ayx0MehR+VVPQ==",
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 10"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@nestjs/cli": {
@ -3787,6 +3761,17 @@
        "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.3.0"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@opentelemetry/instrumentation-pg/node_modules/@types/pg": {
+      "version": "8.6.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/pg/-/pg-8.6.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-1Kc4oAGzAl7uqUStZCDvaLFqZrW9qWSjXOmBfdgyBP5La7Us6Mg4GBvRlSoaZMhQF/zSj1C8CtKMBkoiT8eL8w==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/node": "*",
+        "pg-protocol": "*",
+        "pg-types": "^2.2.0"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@opentelemetry/instrumentation-pino": {
      "version": "0.47.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@opentelemetry/instrumentation-pino/-/instrumentation-pino-0.47.0.tgz",
@ -4763,24 +4748,25 @@
      "integrity": "sha512-9BCxFwvbGg/RsZK9tjXd8s4UcwR0MWeFQ1XEKIQVVvAGJyINdrqKMcTRyLoK8Rse1GjzLV9cwjWV1olXRWEXVA==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
-    "node_modules/@socket.io/redis-adapter": {
-      "version": "8.3.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@socket.io/redis-adapter/-/redis-adapter-8.3.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ly0cra+48hDmChxmIpnESKrc94LjRL80TEmZVscuQ/WWkRP81nNj8W8cCGMqbI4L6NCuAaPRSzZF1a9GlAxxnA==",
+    "node_modules/@socket.io/postgres-adapter": {
+      "version": "0.4.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@socket.io/postgres-adapter/-/postgres-adapter-0.4.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-FJQslCIchoT4oMHk0D8HeSi9nhAOE8/snId65zI10ykZsk3MQJnUH45+Jqd75IuQhtxxwrvNxqHmzLJEPw9PnA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "debug": "~4.3.1",
-        "notepack.io": "~3.0.1",
-        "uid2": "1.0.0"
+        "@msgpack/msgpack": "~2.8.0",
+        "@types/pg": "^8.6.6",
+        "debug": "~4.3.4",
+        "pg": "^8.9.0"
      },
      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=10.0.0"
+        "node": ">=12.0.0"
      },
      "peerDependencies": {
        "socket.io-adapter": "^2.5.4"
      }
    },
-    "node_modules/@socket.io/redis-adapter/node_modules/debug": {
+    "node_modules/@socket.io/postgres-adapter/node_modules/debug": {
      "version": "4.3.7",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-4.3.7.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-Er2nc/H7RrMXZBFCEim6TCmMk02Z8vLC2Rbi1KEBggpo0fS6l0S1nnapwmIi3yW/+GOJap1Krg4w0Hg80oCqgQ==",
@ -4914,16 +4900,6 @@
        "testcontainers": "^10.24.2"
      }
    },
-    "node_modules/@testcontainers/redis": {
-      "version": "10.24.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@testcontainers/redis/-/redis-10.24.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-m4/FZW5ltZPaK9pQTKNipjpBk73Vdj7Ql3sFr26A9dOr0wJyM3Wnc9jeHTNRal7RDnY5rvumXAIUWbBlvKMJEw==",
-      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "dependencies": {
-        "testcontainers": "^10.24.2"
-      }
-    },
    "node_modules/@tokenizer/inflate": {
      "version": "0.2.7",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@tokenizer/inflate/-/inflate-0.2.7.tgz",
@ -5089,6 +5065,15 @@
        "@types/node": "*"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@types/debug": {
+      "version": "4.1.12",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/debug/-/debug-4.1.12.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-vIChWdVG3LG1SMxEvI/AK+FWJthlrqlTu7fbrlywTkkaONwk/UAGaULXRlf8vkzFBLVm0zkMdCquhL5aOjhXPQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/ms": "*"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@types/docker-modem": {
      "version": "3.0.6",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/docker-modem/-/docker-modem-3.0.6.tgz",
@ -5201,6 +5186,15 @@
        "rxjs": "^7.2.0"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@types/interpret": {
+      "version": "1.1.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/interpret/-/interpret-1.1.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-uBaBhj/BhilG58r64mtDb/BEdH51HIQLgP5bmWzc5qCtFMja8dCk/IOJmk36j0lbi9QHwI6sbtUNGuqXdKCAtQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/node": "*"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@types/js-yaml": {
      "version": "4.0.9",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/js-yaml/-/js-yaml-4.0.9.tgz",
@ -5261,6 +5255,12 @@
        "@types/node": "*"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@types/ms": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/ms/-/ms-2.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GsCCIZDE/p3i96vtEqx+7dBUGXrc7zeSK3wwPHIaRThS+9OhWIXRqzs4d6k1SVU8g91DrNRWxWUGhp5KXQb2VA==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
    "node_modules/@types/multer": {
      "version": "1.4.12",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/multer/-/multer-1.4.12.tgz",
@ -5317,14 +5317,14 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/@types/pg": {
-      "version": "8.6.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/pg/-/pg-8.6.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-1Kc4oAGzAl7uqUStZCDvaLFqZrW9qWSjXOmBfdgyBP5La7Us6Mg4GBvRlSoaZMhQF/zSj1C8CtKMBkoiT8eL8w==",
+      "version": "8.11.14",
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    "node_modules/prelude-ls": {
      "version": "1.2.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/prelude-ls/-/prelude-ls-1.2.1.tgz",
@ -14219,6 +14252,8 @@
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/redis-errors/-/redis-errors-1.2.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-1qny3OExCf0UvUV/5wpYKf2YwPcOqXzkwKKSmKHiE6ZMQs5heeE/c8eXK+PNllPvmjgAbfnsbpkGZWy8cBpn9w==",
      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true,
      "engines": {
        "node": ">=4"
      }
@ -14228,6 +14263,8 @@
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/redis-parser/-/redis-parser-3.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-DJnGAeenTdpMEH6uAJRK/uiyEIH9WVsUmoLwzudwGJUwZPp80PDBWPHXSAGNPwNvIXAbe7MSUB1zQFugFml66A==",
      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true,
      "dependencies": {
        "redis-errors": "^1.0.0"
      },
@ -15346,7 +15383,9 @@
      "version": "2.1.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/standard-as-callback/-/standard-as-callback-2.1.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-qoRRSyROncaz1z0mvYqIE4lCd9p2R90i6GxW3uZv5ucSu8tU7B5HXUP1gG8pVZsYNVaXjk8ClXHPttLyxAL48A==",
-      "license": "MIT"
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true
    },
    "node_modules/statuses": {
      "version": "2.0.1",
@ -16965,15 +17004,6 @@
        "node": ">=8"
      }
    },
-    "node_modules/uid2": {
-      "version": "1.0.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uid2/-/uid2-1.0.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-+I6aJUv63YAcY9n4mQreLUt0d4lvwkkopDNmpomkAUz0fAkEMV9pRWxN0EjhW1YfRhcuyHg2v3mwddCDW1+LFQ==",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">= 4.0.0"
-      }
-    },
    "node_modules/uint8array-extras": {
      "version": "1.4.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uint8array-extras/-/uint8array-extras-1.4.0.tgz",
--- a/server/package.json
+++ b/server/package.json
@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
    "postinstall": "patch-package"
  },
  "dependencies": {
-    "@nestjs/bullmq": "^11.0.1",
    "@nestjs/common": "^11.0.4",
    "@nestjs/core": "^11.0.4",
    "@nestjs/event-emitter": "^3.0.0",
@ -49,11 +48,11 @@
    "@opentelemetry/exporter-prometheus": "^0.200.0",
    "@opentelemetry/sdk-node": "^0.200.0",
    "@react-email/components": "^0.0.36",
-    "@socket.io/redis-adapter": "^8.3.0",
+    "@socket.io/postgres-adapter": "^0.4.0",
+    "@types/pg": "^8.11.14",
    "archiver": "^7.0.0",
    "async-lock": "^1.4.0",
    "bcrypt": "^5.1.1",
-    "bullmq": "^4.8.0",
    "chokidar": "^3.5.3",
    "class-transformer": "^0.5.1",
    "class-validator": "^0.14.0",
@ -64,9 +63,9 @@
    "fast-glob": "^3.3.2",
    "fluent-ffmpeg": "^2.1.2",
    "geo-tz": "^8.0.0",
+    "graphile-worker": "^0.16.6",
    "handlebars": "^4.7.8",
    "i18n-iso-countries": "^7.6.0",
-    "ioredis": "^5.3.2",
    "joi": "^17.10.0",
    "js-yaml": "^4.1.0",
    "kysely": "^0.28.0",
@ -79,7 +78,7 @@
    "nestjs-otel": "^6.0.0",
    "nodemailer": "^6.9.13",
    "openid-client": "^6.3.3",
-    "pg": "^8.11.3",
+    "pg": "^8.15.6",
    "picomatch": "^4.0.2",
    "react": "^19.0.0",
    "react-dom": "^19.0.0",
@ -105,7 +104,6 @@
    "@nestjs/testing": "^11.0.4",
    "@swc/core": "^1.4.14",
    "@testcontainers/postgresql": "^10.2.1",
-    "@testcontainers/redis": "^10.18.0",
    "@types/archiver": "^6.0.0",
    "@types/async-lock": "^1.4.2",
    "@types/bcrypt": "^5.0.0",
--- a/server/src/app.module.ts
+++ b/server/src/app.module.ts
@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { BullModule } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
 import { Inject, Module, OnModuleDestroy, OnModuleInit, ValidationPipe } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { APP_FILTER, APP_GUARD, APP_INTERCEPTOR, APP_PIPE } from '@nestjs/core';
 import { ScheduleModule, SchedulerRegistry } from '@nestjs/schedule';
@ -37,11 +36,9 @@ export const middleware = [
 ];

 const configRepository = new ConfigRepository();
-const { bull, cls, database, otel } = configRepository.getEnv();
+const { cls, database, otel } = configRepository.getEnv();

 const imports = [
-  BullModule.forRoot(bull.config),
-  BullModule.registerQueue(...bull.queues),
  ClsModule.forRoot(cls.config),
  OpenTelemetryModule.forRoot(otel),
  KyselyModule.forRoot(getKyselyConfig(database.config)),
--- a/server/src/db.d.ts
+++ b/server/src/db.d.ts
@ -236,6 +236,30 @@ export interface GeodataPlaces {
  name: string;
 }

+export interface GraphileWorkerJobs {
+  id: Generated<string>;
+  task_identifier: string;
+  locked_at: Timestamp | null;
+  locked_by: string | null;
+  run_at: Timestamp | null;
+  attempts: number;
+  max_attempts: number;
+}
+
+export interface GraphileWorkerPrivateJobs {
+  id: Generated<string>;
+  task_id: string;
+  locked_at: Timestamp | null;
+  locked_by: string | null;
+  attempts: number;
+  max_attempts: number;
+}
+
+export interface GraphileWorkerPrivateTasks {
+  id: Generated<string>;
+  identifier: string;
+}
+
 export interface Libraries {
  createdAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
  deletedAt: Timestamp | null;
@ -476,6 +500,9 @@ export interface DB {
  exif: Exif;
  face_search: FaceSearch;
  geodata_places: GeodataPlaces;
+  'graphile_worker.jobs': GraphileWorkerJobs;
+  'graphile_worker._private_jobs': GraphileWorkerPrivateJobs;
+  'graphile_worker._private_tasks': GraphileWorkerPrivateTasks;
  libraries: Libraries;
  memories: Memories;
  memories_assets_assets: MemoriesAssetsAssets;
--- a/server/src/dtos/env.dto.ts
+++ b/server/src/dtos/env.dto.ts
@ -157,34 +157,4 @@ export class EnvDto {
  @IsString()
  @Optional()
  NO_COLOR?: string;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @Optional()
-  REDIS_HOSTNAME?: string;
-
-  @IsInt()
-  @Optional()
-  @Type(() => Number)
-  REDIS_PORT?: number;
-
-  @IsInt()
-  @Optional()
-  @Type(() => Number)
-  REDIS_DBINDEX?: number;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @Optional()
-  REDIS_USERNAME?: string;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @Optional()
-  REDIS_PASSWORD?: string;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @Optional()
-  REDIS_SOCKET?: string;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @Optional()
-  REDIS_URL?: string;
 }
--- a/server/src/dtos/job.dto.ts
+++ b/server/src/dtos/job.dto.ts
@ -30,20 +30,15 @@ export class JobCountsDto {
  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
  active!: number;
  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
-  completed!: number;
-  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
-  failed!: number;
+  waiting!: number;
  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
  delayed!: number;
  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
-  waiting!: number;
-  @ApiProperty({ type: 'integer' })
-  paused!: number;
+  failed!: number;
 }

 export class QueueStatusDto {
-  isActive!: boolean;
-  isPaused!: boolean;
+  paused!: boolean;
 }

 export class JobStatusDto {
--- a/server/src/enum.ts
+++ b/server/src/enum.ts
@ -204,6 +204,7 @@ export enum SystemMetadataKey {
  SYSTEM_FLAGS = 'system-flags',
  VERSION_CHECK_STATE = 'version-check-state',
  LICENSE = 'license',
+  QUEUES_STATE = 'queues-state',
 }

 export enum UserMetadataKey {
@ -533,10 +534,20 @@ export enum JobName {
 }

 export enum JobCommand {
+  // The behavior of start depends on the queue. Usually it is a request to
+  // reprocess everything associated with the queue from scratch.
  START = 'start',
+
+  // Pause prevents workers from processing jobs.
  PAUSE = 'pause',
+
+  // Resume allows workers to continue processing jobs.
  RESUME = 'resume',
-  EMPTY = 'empty',
+
+  // Clear removes all pending jobs.
+  CLEAR = 'clear',
+
+  // ClearFailed removes all failed jobs.
  CLEAR_FAILED = 'clear-failed',
 }

--- a/server/src/middleware/websocket.adapter.ts
+++ b/server/src/middleware/websocket.adapter.ts
@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { INestApplicationContext } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { IoAdapter } from '@nestjs/platform-socket.io';
-import { createAdapter } from '@socket.io/redis-adapter';
-import { Redis } from 'ioredis';
+import { createAdapter } from '@socket.io/postgres-adapter';
+import pg, { PoolConfig } from 'pg';
 import { ServerOptions } from 'socket.io';
 import { ConfigRepository } from 'src/repositories/config.repository';
+import { asPostgresConnectionConfig } from 'src/utils/database';

 export class WebSocketAdapter extends IoAdapter {
  constructor(private app: INestApplicationContext) {
@ -11,11 +12,11 @@ export class WebSocketAdapter extends IoAdapter {
  }

  createIOServer(port: number, options?: ServerOptions): any {
-    const { redis } = this.app.get(ConfigRepository).getEnv();
    const server = super.createIOServer(port, options);
-    const pubClient = new Redis(redis);
-    const subClient = pubClient.duplicate();
-    server.adapter(createAdapter(pubClient, subClient));
+    const configRepository = new ConfigRepository();
+    const { database } = configRepository.getEnv();
+    const pool = new pg.Pool(asPostgresConnectionConfig(database.config) as PoolConfig);
+    server.adapter(createAdapter(pool));
    return server;
  }
 }
--- a/server/src/repositories/config.repository.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/repositories/config.repository.spec.ts
@ -26,38 +26,12 @@ const resetEnv = () => {
    'DB_SKIP_MIGRATIONS',
    'DB_VECTOR_EXTENSION',

-    'REDIS_HOSTNAME',
-    'REDIS_PORT',
-    'REDIS_DBINDEX',
-    'REDIS_USERNAME',
-    'REDIS_PASSWORD',
-    'REDIS_SOCKET',
-    'REDIS_URL',
-
    'NO_COLOR',
  ]) {
    delete process.env[env];
  }
 };

-const sentinelConfig = {
-  sentinels: [
-    {
-      host: 'redis-sentinel-node-0',
-      port: 26_379,
-    },
-    {
-      host: 'redis-sentinel-node-1',
-      port: 26_379,
-    },
-    {
-      host: 'redis-sentinel-node-2',
-      port: 26_379,
-    },
-  ],
-  name: 'redis-sentinel',
-};
-
 describe('getEnv', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    resetEnv();
@ -108,34 +82,6 @@ describe('getEnv', () => {
    });
  });

-  describe('redis', () => {
-    it('should use defaults', () => {
-      const { redis } = getEnv();
-      expect(redis).toEqual({
-        host: 'redis',
-        port: 6379,
-        db: 0,
-        username: undefined,
-        password: undefined,
-        path: undefined,
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('should parse base64 encoded config, ignore other env', () => {
-      process.env.REDIS_URL = `ioredis://${Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(sentinelConfig)).toString('base64')}`;
-      process.env.REDIS_HOSTNAME = 'redis-host';
-      process.env.REDIS_USERNAME = 'redis-user';
-      process.env.REDIS_PASSWORD = 'redis-password';
-      const { redis } = getEnv();
-      expect(redis).toEqual(sentinelConfig);
-    });
-
-    it('should reject invalid json', () => {
-      process.env.REDIS_URL = `ioredis://${Buffer.from('{ "invalid json"').toString('base64')}`;
-      expect(() => getEnv()).toThrowError('Failed to decode redis options');
-    });
-  });
-
  describe('noColor', () => {
    beforeEach(() => {
      delete process.env.NO_COLOR;
--- a/server/src/repositories/config.repository.ts
+++ b/server/src/repositories/config.repository.ts
@ -1,25 +1,14 @@
-import { RegisterQueueOptions } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
 import { Inject, Injectable, Optional } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { QueueOptions } from 'bullmq';
 import { plainToInstance } from 'class-transformer';
 import { validateSync } from 'class-validator';
 import { Request, Response } from 'express';
-import { RedisOptions } from 'ioredis';
 import { CLS_ID, ClsModuleOptions } from 'nestjs-cls';
 import { OpenTelemetryModuleOptions } from 'nestjs-otel/lib/interfaces';
-import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { join, resolve } from 'node:path';
 import { citiesFile, excludePaths, IWorker } from 'src/constants';
 import { Telemetry } from 'src/decorators';
 import { EnvDto } from 'src/dtos/env.dto';
-import {
-  DatabaseExtension,
-  ImmichEnvironment,
-  ImmichHeader,
-  ImmichTelemetry,
-  ImmichWorker,
-  LogLevel,
-  QueueName,
-} from 'src/enum';
+import { DatabaseExtension, ImmichEnvironment, ImmichHeader, ImmichTelemetry, ImmichWorker, LogLevel } from 'src/enum';
 import { DatabaseConnectionParams, VectorExtension } from 'src/types';
 import { setDifference } from 'src/utils/set';

@ -46,11 +35,6 @@ export interface EnvData {
    thirdPartySupportUrl?: string;
  };

-  bull: {
-    config: QueueOptions;
-    queues: RegisterQueueOptions[];
-  };
-
  cls: {
    config: ClsModuleOptions;
  };
@ -87,8 +71,6 @@ export interface EnvData {
    };
  };

-  redis: RedisOptions;
-
  telemetry: {
    apiPort: number;
    microservicesPort: number;
@ -149,28 +131,12 @@ const getEnv = (): EnvData => {
  const isProd = environment === ImmichEnvironment.PRODUCTION;
  const buildFolder = dto.IMMICH_BUILD_DATA || '/build';
  const folders = {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/prefer-module
+    dist: resolve(`${__dirname}/..`),
    geodata: join(buildFolder, 'geodata'),
    web: join(buildFolder, 'www'),
  };

-  let redisConfig = {
-    host: dto.REDIS_HOSTNAME || 'redis',
-    port: dto.REDIS_PORT || 6379,
-    db: dto.REDIS_DBINDEX || 0,
-    username: dto.REDIS_USERNAME || undefined,
-    password: dto.REDIS_PASSWORD || undefined,
-    path: dto.REDIS_SOCKET || undefined,
-  };
-
-  const redisUrl = dto.REDIS_URL;
-  if (redisUrl && redisUrl.startsWith('ioredis://')) {
-    try {
-      redisConfig = JSON.parse(Buffer.from(redisUrl.slice(10), 'base64').toString());
-    } catch (error) {
-      throw new Error(`Failed to decode redis options: ${error}`);
-    }
-  }
-
  const includedTelemetries =
    dto.IMMICH_TELEMETRY_INCLUDE === 'all'
      ? new Set(Object.values(ImmichTelemetry))
@ -218,19 +184,6 @@ const getEnv = (): EnvData => {
      thirdPartySupportUrl: dto.IMMICH_THIRD_PARTY_SUPPORT_URL,
    },

-    bull: {
-      config: {
-        prefix: 'immich_bull',
-        connection: { ...redisConfig },
-        defaultJobOptions: {
-          attempts: 3,
-          removeOnComplete: true,
-          removeOnFail: false,
-        },
-      },
-      queues: Object.values(QueueName).map((name) => ({ name })),
-    },
-
    cls: {
      config: {
        middleware: {
@ -269,8 +222,6 @@ const getEnv = (): EnvData => {
      },
    },

-    redis: redisConfig,
-
    resourcePaths: {
      lockFile: join(buildFolder, 'build-lock.json'),
      geodata: {
--- a/server/src/repositories/event.repository.ts
+++ b/server/src/repositories/event.repository.ts
@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ type EventMap = {
  'assets.delete': [{ assetIds: string[]; userId: string }];
  'assets.restore': [{ assetIds: string[]; userId: string }];

+  'queue.pause': [QueueName];
+  'queue.resume': [QueueName];
+
  'job.start': [QueueName, JobItem];
  'job.failed': [{ job: JobItem; error: Error | any }];

@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ type EventMap = {
  'websocket.connect': [{ userId: string }];
 };

-export const serverEvents = ['config.update'] as const;
+export const serverEvents = ['config.update', 'queue.pause', 'queue.resume'] as const;
 export type ServerEvents = (typeof serverEvents)[number];

 export type EmitEvent = keyof EventMap;
--- a/server/src/repositories/job.repository.ts
+++ b/server/src/repositories/job.repository.ts
@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
-import { getQueueToken } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ModuleRef, Reflector } from '@nestjs/core';
-import { JobsOptions, Queue, Worker } from 'bullmq';
 import { ClassConstructor } from 'class-transformer';
-import { setTimeout } from 'node:timers/promises';
-import { JobConfig } from 'src/decorators';
-import { JobName, JobStatus, MetadataKey, QueueCleanType, QueueName } from 'src/enum';
+import { makeWorkerUtils, run, Runner, TaskSpec, WorkerUtils } from 'graphile-worker';
+import { Kysely } from 'kysely';
+import { DateTime, Duration } from 'luxon';
+import { InjectKysely } from 'nestjs-kysely';
+import pg, { PoolConfig } from 'pg';
+import { DB } from 'src/db';
+import { GenerateSql, JobConfig } from 'src/decorators';
+import { JobName, JobStatus, MetadataKey, QueueName, SystemMetadataKey } from 'src/enum';
 import { ConfigRepository } from 'src/repositories/config.repository';
 import { EventRepository } from 'src/repositories/event.repository';
 import { LoggingRepository } from 'src/repositories/logging.repository';
-import { IEntityJob, JobCounts, JobItem, JobOf, QueueStatus } from 'src/types';
+import { SystemMetadataRepository } from 'src/repositories/system-metadata.repository';
+import { JobCounts, JobItem, JobOf, QueueStatus } from 'src/types';
+import { asPostgresConnectionConfig } from 'src/utils/database';
 import { getKeyByValue, getMethodNames, ImmichStartupError } from 'src/utils/misc';

 type JobMapItem = {
@ -19,26 +24,38 @@ type JobMapItem = {
  label: string;
 };

+type QueueConfiguration = {
+  paused: boolean;
+  concurrency: number;
+};
+
@Injectable()
 export class JobRepository {
-  private workers: Partial<Record<QueueName, Worker>> = {};
  private handlers: Partial<Record<JobName, JobMapItem>> = {};

+  // todo inject the pg pool
+  private pool?: pg.Pool;
+  // todo inject worker utils?
+  private workerUtils?: WorkerUtils;
+  private queueConfig: Record<string, QueueConfiguration> = {};
+  private runners: Record<string, Runner> = {};
+
  constructor(
-    private moduleRef: ModuleRef,
-    private configRepository: ConfigRepository,
-    private eventRepository: EventRepository,
+    @InjectKysely() private db: Kysely<DB>,
    private logger: LoggingRepository,
+    private moduleRef: ModuleRef,
+    private eventRepository: EventRepository,
+    private configRepository: ConfigRepository,
+    private systemMetadataRepository: SystemMetadataRepository,
  ) {
-    this.logger.setContext(JobRepository.name);
+    logger.setContext(JobRepository.name);
  }

-  setup(services: ClassConstructor<unknown>[]) {
+  async setup(services: ClassConstructor<unknown>[]) {
    const reflector = this.moduleRef.get(Reflector, { strict: false });

-    // discovery
-    for (const Service of services) {
-      const instance = this.moduleRef.get<any>(Service);
+    for (const service of services) {
+      const instance = this.moduleRef.get<any>(service);
      for (const methodName of getMethodNames(instance)) {
        const handler = instance[methodName];
        const config = reflector.get<JobConfig>(MetadataKey.JOB_CONFIG, handler);
@ -47,7 +64,7 @@ export class JobRepository {
        }

        const { name: jobName, queue: queueName } = config;
-        const label = `${Service.name}.${handler.name}`;
+        const label = `${service.name}.${handler.name}`;

        // one handler per job
        if (this.handlers[jobName]) {
@ -70,176 +87,216 @@ export class JobRepository {
      }
    }

-    // no missing handlers
-    for (const [jobKey, jobName] of Object.entries(JobName)) {
-      const item = this.handlers[jobName];
-      if (!item) {
-        const errorMessage = `Failed to find job handler for Job.${jobKey} ("${jobName}")`;
-        this.logger.error(
-          `${errorMessage}. Make sure to add the @OnJob({ name: JobName.${jobKey}, queue: QueueName.XYZ }) decorator for the new job.`,
-        );
-        throw new ImmichStartupError(errorMessage);
-      }
+    const { database } = this.configRepository.getEnv();
+    const pool = new pg.Pool({
+      ...asPostgresConnectionConfig(database.config),
+      max: 100,
+    } as PoolConfig);
+
+    // todo: remove debug info
+    setInterval(() => {
+      this.logger.log(`connections:
+        total: ${pool.totalCount}
+        idle: ${pool.idleCount}
+        waiting: ${pool.waitingCount}`);
+    }, 5000);
+
+    pool.setMaxListeners(100);
+
+    pool.on('connect', (client) => {
+      client.setMaxListeners(200);
+    });
+
+    this.pool = pool;
+
+    this.workerUtils = await makeWorkerUtils({ pgPool: pool });
+  }
+
+  async start(queueName: QueueName, concurrency?: number): Promise<void> {
+    if (concurrency) {
+      this.queueConfig[queueName] = {
+        ...this.queueConfig[queueName],
+        concurrency,
+      };
+    } else {
+      concurrency = this.queueConfig[queueName].concurrency;
+    }
+
+    if (this.queueConfig[queueName].paused) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    await this.stop(queueName);
+    this.runners[queueName] = await run({
+      concurrency,
+      taskList: {
+        [queueName]: async (payload: unknown): Promise<void> => {
+          this.logger.log(`Job ${queueName} started with payload: ${JSON.stringify(payload)}`);
+          await this.eventRepository.emit('job.start', queueName, payload as JobItem);
+        },
+      },
+      pgPool: this.pool,
+    });
+  }
+
+  async stop(queueName: QueueName): Promise<void> {
+    const runner = this.runners[queueName];
+    if (runner) {
+      await runner.stop();
+      delete this.runners[queueName];
    }
  }

-  startWorkers() {
-    const { bull } = this.configRepository.getEnv();
-    for (const queueName of Object.values(QueueName)) {
-      this.logger.debug(`Starting worker for queue: ${queueName}`);
-      this.workers[queueName] = new Worker(
-        queueName,
-        (job) => this.eventRepository.emit('job.start', queueName, job as JobItem),
-        { ...bull.config, concurrency: 1 },
-      );
-    }
+  async pause(queueName: QueueName): Promise<void> {
+    await this.setState(queueName, true);
+    await this.stop(queueName);
  }

-  async run({ name, data }: JobItem) {
+  async resume(queueName: QueueName): Promise<void> {
+    await this.setState(queueName, false);
+    await this.start(queueName);
+  }
+
+  private async setState(queueName: QueueName, paused: boolean): Promise<void> {
+    const state = await this.systemMetadataRepository.get(SystemMetadataKey.QUEUES_STATE);
+    await this.systemMetadataRepository.set(SystemMetadataKey.QUEUES_STATE, {
+      ...state,
+      [queueName]: { paused },
+    });
+    this.queueConfig[queueName] = {
+      ...this.queueConfig[queueName],
+      paused,
+    };
+  }
+
+  // todo: we should consolidate queue and job names and have queues be
+  // homogenous.
+  //
+  // the reason there are multiple kinds of jobs per queue is so that
+  // concurrency settings apply to all of them. We could instead create a
+  // concept of "queue" groups, such that workers will run for groups of queues
+  // rather than just a single queue and achieve the same outcome.
+  private getQueueName(name: JobName) {
+    return (this.handlers[name] as JobMapItem).queueName;
+  }
+
+  async run({ name, data }: JobItem): Promise<JobStatus> {
    const item = this.handlers[name as JobName];
    if (!item) {
      this.logger.warn(`Skipping unknown job: "${name}"`);
      return JobStatus.SKIPPED;
    }
-
    return item.handler(data);
  }

-  setConcurrency(queueName: QueueName, concurrency: number) {
-    const worker = this.workers[queueName];
-    if (!worker) {
-      this.logger.warn(`Unable to set queue concurrency, worker not found: '${queueName}'`);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    worker.concurrency = concurrency;
-  }
-
-  async getQueueStatus(name: QueueName): Promise<QueueStatus> {
-    const queue = this.getQueue(name);
-
-    return {
-      isActive: !!(await queue.getActiveCount()),
-      isPaused: await queue.isPaused(),
-    };
-  }
-
-  pause(name: QueueName) {
-    return this.getQueue(name).pause();
-  }
-
-  resume(name: QueueName) {
-    return this.getQueue(name).resume();
-  }
-
-  empty(name: QueueName) {
-    return this.getQueue(name).drain();
-  }
-
-  clear(name: QueueName, type: QueueCleanType) {
-    return this.getQueue(name).clean(0, 1000, type);
-  }
-
-  getJobCounts(name: QueueName): Promise<JobCounts> {
-    return this.getQueue(name).getJobCounts(
-      'active',
-      'completed',
-      'failed',
-      'delayed',
-      'waiting',
-      'paused',
-    ) as unknown as Promise<JobCounts>;
-  }
-
-  private getQueueName(name: JobName) {
-    return (this.handlers[name] as JobMapItem).queueName;
+  async queue(item: JobItem): Promise<void> {
+    await this.workerUtils!.addJob(this.getQueueName(item.name), item, this.getJobOptions(item));
  }

  async queueAll(items: JobItem[]): Promise<void> {
-    if (items.length === 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const promises = [];
-    const itemsByQueue = {} as Record<string, (JobItem & { data: any; options: JobsOptions | undefined })[]>;
-    for (const item of items) {
-      const queueName = this.getQueueName(item.name);
-      const job = {
-        name: item.name,
-        data: item.data || {},
-        options: this.getJobOptions(item) || undefined,
-      } as JobItem & { data: any; options: JobsOptions | undefined };
-
-      if (job.options?.jobId) {
-        // need to use add() instead of addBulk() for jobId deduplication
-        promises.push(this.getQueue(queueName).add(item.name, item.data, job.options));
-      } else {
-        itemsByQueue[queueName] = itemsByQueue[queueName] || [];
-        itemsByQueue[queueName].push(job);
-      }
-    }
-
-    for (const [queueName, jobs] of Object.entries(itemsByQueue)) {
-      const queue = this.getQueue(queueName as QueueName);
-      promises.push(queue.addBulk(jobs));
-    }
-
-    await Promise.all(promises);
+    await Promise.all(items.map((item) => this.queue(item)));
  }

-  async queue(item: JobItem): Promise<void> {
-    return this.queueAll([item]);
+  // todo: are we actually generating sql
+  async clear(name: QueueName): Promise<void> {
+    await this.db
+      .deleteFrom('graphile_worker._private_jobs')
+      .where(({ eb, selectFrom }) =>
+        eb('task_id', 'in', selectFrom('graphile_worker._private_tasks').select('id').where('identifier', '=', name)),
+      )
+      .execute();
+
+    const workers = await this.db
+      .selectFrom('graphile_worker.jobs')
+      .select('locked_by')
+      .where('locked_by', 'is not', null)
+      .distinct()
+      .execute();
+
+    // Potentially dangerous? It helps if jobs get stuck active though. The
+    // documentation says that stuck jobs will be unlocked automatically after 4
+    // hours. Though, it can be strange to click "clear" in the UI and see
+    // nothing happen. Especially as the UI is binary, such that new jobs cannot
+    // usually be scheduled unless both active and waiting are zero.
+    await this.workerUtils!.forceUnlockWorkers(workers.map((worker) => worker.locked_by!));
  }

-  async waitForQueueCompletion(...queues: QueueName[]): Promise<void> {
-    let activeQueue: QueueStatus | undefined;
-    do {
-      const statuses = await Promise.all(queues.map((name) => this.getQueueStatus(name)));
-      activeQueue = statuses.find((status) => status.isActive);
-    } while (activeQueue);
-    {
-      this.logger.verbose(`Waiting for ${activeQueue} queue to stop...`);
-      await setTimeout(1000);
-    }
+  async clearFailed(name: QueueName): Promise<void> {
+    await this.db
+      .deleteFrom('graphile_worker._private_jobs')
+      .where(({ eb, selectFrom }) =>
+        eb(
+          'task_id',
+          'in',
+          selectFrom('graphile_worker._private_tasks')
+            .select('id')
+            .where((eb) => eb.and([eb('identifier', '=', name), eb('attempts', '>=', eb.ref('max_attempts'))])),
+        ),
+      )
+      .execute();
  }

-  private getJobOptions(item: JobItem): JobsOptions | null {
+  // todo: are we actually generating sql
+  @GenerateSql({ params: [] })
+  async getJobCounts(name: QueueName): Promise<JobCounts> {
+    return await this.db
+      .selectFrom('graphile_worker.jobs')
+      .select((eb) => [
+        eb.fn
+          .countAll<number>()
+          .filterWhere((eb) => eb.and([eb('task_identifier', '=', name), eb('locked_by', 'is not', null)]))
+          .as('active'),
+        eb.fn
+          .countAll<number>()
+          .filterWhere((eb) =>
+            eb.and([
+              eb('task_identifier', '=', name),
+              eb('locked_by', 'is', null),
+              eb('run_at', '<=', eb.fn<Date>('now')),
+            ]),
+          )
+          .as('waiting'),
+        eb.fn
+          .countAll<number>()
+          .filterWhere((eb) =>
+            eb.and([
+              eb('task_identifier', '=', name),
+              eb('locked_by', 'is', null),
+              eb('run_at', '>', eb.fn<Date>('now')),
+            ]),
+          )
+          .as('delayed'),
+        eb.fn
+          .countAll<number>()
+          .filterWhere((eb) => eb.and([eb('task_identifier', '=', name), eb('attempts', '>=', eb.ref('max_attempts'))]))
+          .as('failed'),
+      ])
+      .executeTakeFirstOrThrow();
+  }
+
+  async getQueueStatus(queueName: QueueName): Promise<QueueStatus> {
+    const state = await this.systemMetadataRepository.get(SystemMetadataKey.QUEUES_STATE);
+    return { paused: state?.[queueName]?.paused ?? false };
+  }
+
+  private getJobOptions(item: JobItem): TaskSpec | undefined {
    switch (item.name) {
      case JobName.NOTIFY_ALBUM_UPDATE: {
-        return { jobId: item.data.id, delay: item.data?.delay };
+        let runAt: Date | undefined;
+        if (item.data?.delay) {
+          runAt = DateTime.now().plus(Duration.fromMillis(item.data.delay)).toJSDate();
+        }
+        return { jobKey: item.data.id, runAt };
      }
      case JobName.STORAGE_TEMPLATE_MIGRATION_SINGLE: {
-        return { jobId: item.data.id };
+        return { jobKey: QueueName.STORAGE_TEMPLATE_MIGRATION };
      }
      case JobName.GENERATE_PERSON_THUMBNAIL: {
        return { priority: 1 };
      }
      case JobName.QUEUE_FACIAL_RECOGNITION: {
-        return { jobId: JobName.QUEUE_FACIAL_RECOGNITION };
-      }
-      default: {
-        return null;
+        return { jobKey: JobName.QUEUE_FACIAL_RECOGNITION };
      }
    }
  }
-
-  private getQueue(queue: QueueName): Queue {
-    return this.moduleRef.get<Queue>(getQueueToken(queue), { strict: false });
-  }
-
-  public async removeJob(jobId: string, name: JobName): Promise<IEntityJob | undefined> {
-    const existingJob = await this.getQueue(this.getQueueName(name)).getJob(jobId);
-    if (!existingJob) {
-      return;
-    }
-    try {
-      await existingJob.remove();
-    } catch (error: any) {
-      if (error.message?.includes('Missing key for job')) {
-        return;
-      }
-      throw error;
-    }
-    return existingJob.data;
-  }
 }
--- a/server/src/repositories/telemetry.repository.ts
+++ b/server/src/repositories/telemetry.repository.ts
@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import { MetricOptions } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 import { AsyncLocalStorageContextManager } from '@opentelemetry/context-async-hooks';
 import { PrometheusExporter } from '@opentelemetry/exporter-prometheus';
 import { HttpInstrumentation } from '@opentelemetry/instrumentation-http';
-import { IORedisInstrumentation } from '@opentelemetry/instrumentation-ioredis';
 import { NestInstrumentation } from '@opentelemetry/instrumentation-nestjs-core';
 import { PgInstrumentation } from '@opentelemetry/instrumentation-pg';
 import { resourceFromAttributes } from '@opentelemetry/resources';
@ -68,12 +67,7 @@ export const bootstrapTelemetry = (port: number) => {
    }),
    metricReader: new PrometheusExporter({ port }),
    contextManager: new AsyncLocalStorageContextManager(),
-    instrumentations: [
-      new HttpInstrumentation(),
-      new IORedisInstrumentation(),
-      new NestInstrumentation(),
-      new PgInstrumentation(),
-    ],
+    instrumentations: [new HttpInstrumentation(), new NestInstrumentation(), new PgInstrumentation()],
    views: [
      {
        instrumentName: '*',
--- a/server/src/services/job.service.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/job.service.spec.ts
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { BadRequestException } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { defaults, SystemConfig } from 'src/config';
 import { ImmichWorker, JobCommand, JobName, JobStatus, QueueName } from 'src/enum';
 import { JobService } from 'src/services/job.service';
-import { JobItem } from 'src/types';
+import { JobCounts, JobItem } from 'src/types';
 import { assetStub } from 'test/fixtures/asset.stub';
 import { newTestService, ServiceMocks } from 'test/utils';

@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
  });

  describe('onConfigUpdate', () => {
-    it('should update concurrency', () => {
-      sut.onConfigUpdate({ newConfig: defaults, oldConfig: {} as SystemConfig });
+    it('should update concurrency', async () => {
+      await sut.onConfigUpdate({ newConfig: defaults, oldConfig: {} as SystemConfig });

-      expect(mocks.job.setConcurrency).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(15);
-      expect(mocks.job.setConcurrency).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(5, QueueName.FACIAL_RECOGNITION, 1);
-      expect(mocks.job.setConcurrency).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(7, QueueName.DUPLICATE_DETECTION, 1);
-      expect(mocks.job.setConcurrency).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(8, QueueName.BACKGROUND_TASK, 5);
-      expect(mocks.job.setConcurrency).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(9, QueueName.STORAGE_TEMPLATE_MIGRATION, 1);
+      expect(mocks.job.start).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(15);
+      expect(mocks.job.start).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(5, QueueName.FACIAL_RECOGNITION, 1);
+      expect(mocks.job.start).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(7, QueueName.DUPLICATE_DETECTION, 1);
+      expect(mocks.job.start).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(8, QueueName.BACKGROUND_TASK, 5);
+      expect(mocks.job.start).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(9, QueueName.STORAGE_TEMPLATE_MIGRATION, 1);
    });
  });

@ -55,29 +55,20 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    it('should get all job statuses', async () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
-        completed: 1,
-        failed: 1,
-        delayed: 1,
        waiting: 1,
-        paused: 1,
-      });
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({
-        isActive: true,
-        isPaused: true,
+        delayed: 1,
+        failed: 1,
      });

      const expectedJobStatus = {
        jobCounts: {
          active: 1,
-          completed: 1,
+          waiting: 1,
          delayed: 1,
          failed: 1,
-          waiting: 1,
-          paused: 1,
        },
        queueStatus: {
-          isActive: true,
-          isPaused: true,
+          paused: true,
        },
      };

@ -114,14 +105,20 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
      expect(mocks.job.resume).toHaveBeenCalledWith(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);
    });

-    it('should handle an empty command', async () => {
-      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION, { command: JobCommand.EMPTY, force: false });
+    it('should handle a clear command', async () => {
+      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION, { command: JobCommand.CLEAR, force: false });

-      expect(mocks.job.empty).toHaveBeenCalledWith(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);
+      expect(mocks.job.clear).toHaveBeenCalledWith(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);
+    });
+
+    it('should handle a clear-failed command', async () => {
+      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION, { command: JobCommand.CLEAR_FAILED, force: false });
+
+      expect(mocks.job.clearFailed).toHaveBeenCalledWith(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);
    });

    it('should not start a job that is already running', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: true, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 1 } as JobCounts);

      await expect(
        sut.handleCommand(QueueName.VIDEO_CONVERSION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false }),
@ -132,7 +129,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start video conversion command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.VIDEO_CONVERSION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -140,7 +137,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start storage template migration command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.STORAGE_TEMPLATE_MIGRATION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start smart search command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.SMART_SEARCH, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -156,7 +153,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start metadata extraction command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -164,7 +161,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start sidecar command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.SIDECAR, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -172,7 +169,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start thumbnail generation command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.THUMBNAIL_GENERATION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start face detection command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.FACE_DETECTION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -188,7 +185,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start facial recognition command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.FACIAL_RECOGNITION, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -196,7 +193,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should handle a start backup database command', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await sut.handleCommand(QueueName.BACKUP_DATABASE, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false });

@ -204,7 +201,7 @@ describe(JobService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should throw a bad request when an invalid queue is used', async () => {
-      mocks.job.getQueueStatus.mockResolvedValue({ isActive: false, isPaused: false });
+      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({ active: 0 } as JobCounts);

      await expect(
        sut.handleCommand(QueueName.BACKGROUND_TASK, { command: JobCommand.START, force: false }),
--- a/server/src/services/job.service.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/job.service.ts
@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import {
  JobName,
  JobStatus,
  ManualJobName,
-  QueueCleanType,
  QueueName,
 } from 'src/enum';
 import { ArgOf, ArgsOf } from 'src/repositories/event.repository';
@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ export class JobService extends BaseService {
  private services: ClassConstructor<unknown>[] = [];

  @OnEvent({ name: 'config.init', workers: [ImmichWorker.MICROSERVICES] })
-  onConfigInit({ newConfig: config }: ArgOf<'config.init'>) {
+  async onConfigInit({ newConfig: config }: ArgOf<'config.init'>) {
    this.logger.debug(`Updating queue concurrency settings`);
    for (const queueName of Object.values(QueueName)) {
      let concurrency = 1;
@ -64,21 +63,18 @@ export class JobService extends BaseService {
        concurrency = config.job[queueName].concurrency;
      }
      this.logger.debug(`Setting ${queueName} concurrency to ${concurrency}`);
-      this.jobRepository.setConcurrency(queueName, concurrency);
+      await this.jobRepository.start(queueName, concurrency);
    }
  }

  @OnEvent({ name: 'config.update', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.MICROSERVICES] })
-  onConfigUpdate({ newConfig: config }: ArgOf<'config.update'>) {
-    this.onConfigInit({ newConfig: config });
+  async onConfigUpdate({ newConfig: config }: ArgOf<'config.update'>) {
+    await this.onConfigInit({ newConfig: config });
  }

  @OnEvent({ name: 'app.bootstrap', priority: BootstrapEventPriority.JobService })
-  onBootstrap() {
-    this.jobRepository.setup(this.services);
-    if (this.worker === ImmichWorker.MICROSERVICES) {
-      this.jobRepository.startWorkers();
-    }
+  async onBootstrap() {
+    await this.jobRepository.setup(this.services);
  }

  setServices(services: ClassConstructor<unknown>[]) {
@ -97,25 +93,20 @@ export class JobService extends BaseService {
        await this.start(queueName, dto);
        break;
      }
-
      case JobCommand.PAUSE: {
-        await this.jobRepository.pause(queueName);
+        this.eventRepository.serverSend('queue.pause', queueName);
        break;
      }
-
      case JobCommand.RESUME: {
-        await this.jobRepository.resume(queueName);
+        this.eventRepository.serverSend('queue.resume', queueName);
        break;
      }
-
-      case JobCommand.EMPTY: {
-        await this.jobRepository.empty(queueName);
+      case JobCommand.CLEAR: {
+        await this.jobRepository.clear(queueName);
        break;
      }
-
      case JobCommand.CLEAR_FAILED: {
-        const failedJobs = await this.jobRepository.clear(queueName, QueueCleanType.FAILED);
-        this.logger.debug(`Cleared failed jobs: ${failedJobs}`);
+        await this.jobRepository.clearFailed(queueName);
        break;
      }
    }
@ -141,9 +132,9 @@ export class JobService extends BaseService {
  }

  private async start(name: QueueName, { force }: JobCommandDto): Promise<void> {
-    const { isActive } = await this.jobRepository.getQueueStatus(name);
-    if (isActive) {
-      throw new BadRequestException(`Job is already running`);
+    const { active } = await this.jobRepository.getJobCounts(name);
+    if (active > 0) {
+      throw new BadRequestException(`Jobs are already running`);
    }

    this.telemetryRepository.jobs.addToCounter(`immich.queues.${snakeCase(name)}.started`, 1);
@ -203,6 +194,16 @@ export class JobService extends BaseService {
    }
  }

+  @OnEvent({ name: 'queue.pause', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.MICROSERVICES] })
+  async pause(...[queueName]: ArgsOf<'queue.pause'>): Promise<void> {
+    await this.jobRepository.pause(queueName);
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'queue.resume', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.MICROSERVICES] })
+  async resume(...[queueName]: ArgsOf<'queue.resume'>): Promise<void> {
+    await this.jobRepository.resume(queueName);
+  }
+
  @OnEvent({ name: 'job.start' })
  async onJobStart(...[queueName, job]: ArgsOf<'job.start'>) {
    const queueMetric = `immich.queues.${snakeCase(queueName)}.active`;
--- a/server/src/services/metadata.service.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/metadata.service.spec.ts
@ -67,16 +67,12 @@ describe(MetadataService.name, () => {
  });

  describe('onBootstrapEvent', () => {
-    it('should pause and resume queue during init', async () => {
-      mocks.job.pause.mockResolvedValue();
+    it('should init', async () => {
      mocks.map.init.mockResolvedValue();
-      mocks.job.resume.mockResolvedValue();

      await sut.onBootstrap();

-      expect(mocks.job.pause).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
      expect(mocks.map.init).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-      expect(mocks.job.resume).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
    });
  });

--- a/server/src/services/metadata.service.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/metadata.service.ts
@ -121,9 +121,7 @@ export class MetadataService extends BaseService {
    this.logger.log('Initializing metadata service');

    try {
-      await this.jobRepository.pause(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);
      await this.databaseRepository.withLock(DatabaseLock.GeodataImport, () => this.mapRepository.init());
-      await this.jobRepository.resume(QueueName.METADATA_EXTRACTION);

      this.logger.log(`Initialized local reverse geocoder`);
    } catch (error: Error | any) {
--- a/server/src/services/notification.service.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/notification.service.spec.ts
@ -499,14 +499,13 @@ describe(NotificationService.name, () => {
    });

    it('should add new recipients for new images if job is already queued', async () => {
-      mocks.job.removeJob.mockResolvedValue({ id: '1', recipientIds: ['2', '3', '4'] } as INotifyAlbumUpdateJob);
      await sut.onAlbumUpdate({ id: '1', recipientIds: ['1', '2', '3'] } as INotifyAlbumUpdateJob);
      expect(mocks.job.queue).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
        name: JobName.NOTIFY_ALBUM_UPDATE,
        data: {
          id: '1',
          delay: 300_000,
-          recipientIds: ['1', '2', '3', '4'],
+          recipientIds: ['1', '2', '3'],
        },
      });
    });
--- a/server/src/services/notification.service.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/notification.service.ts
@ -196,14 +196,15 @@ export class NotificationService extends BaseService {
      data: { id, recipientIds, delay: NotificationService.albumUpdateEmailDelayMs },
    };

-    const previousJobData = await this.jobRepository.removeJob(id, JobName.NOTIFY_ALBUM_UPDATE);
-    if (previousJobData && this.isAlbumUpdateJob(previousJobData)) {
-      for (const id of previousJobData.recipientIds) {
-        if (!recipientIds.includes(id)) {
-          recipientIds.push(id);
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    // todo: https://github.com/immich-app/immich/pull/17879
+    // const previousJobData = await this.jobRepository.removeJob(id, JobName.NOTIFY_ALBUM_UPDATE);
+    // if (previousJobData && this.isAlbumUpdateJob(previousJobData)) {
+    //   for (const id of previousJobData.recipientIds) {
+    //     if (!recipientIds.includes(id)) {
+    //       recipientIds.push(id);
+    //     }
+    //   }
+    // }
    await this.jobRepository.queue(job);
  }

--- a/server/src/services/person.service.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/person.service.spec.ts
@ -529,10 +529,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 0,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });
      mocks.systemMetadata.get.mockResolvedValue(systemConfigStub.machineLearningDisabled);

@ -546,10 +544,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 1,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });

      await expect(sut.handleQueueRecognizeFaces({})).resolves.toBe(JobStatus.SKIPPED);
@ -561,10 +557,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 0,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });
      mocks.person.getAllFaces.mockReturnValue(makeStream([faceStub.face1]));
      mocks.person.getAllWithoutFaces.mockResolvedValue([]);
@ -590,10 +584,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 0,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });
      mocks.person.getAll.mockReturnValue(makeStream());
      mocks.person.getAllFaces.mockReturnValue(makeStream([faceStub.face1]));
@ -619,10 +611,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 0,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });
      mocks.person.getAll.mockReturnValue(makeStream());
      mocks.person.getAllFaces.mockReturnValue(makeStream([faceStub.face1]));
@ -666,10 +656,8 @@ describe(PersonService.name, () => {
      mocks.job.getJobCounts.mockResolvedValue({
        active: 1,
        waiting: 0,
-        paused: 0,
-        completed: 0,
-        failed: 0,
        delayed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
      });
      mocks.person.getAll.mockReturnValue(makeStream([faceStub.face1.person, personStub.randomPerson]));
      mocks.person.getAllFaces.mockReturnValue(makeStream([faceStub.face1]));
--- a/server/src/services/person.service.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/person.service.ts
@ -392,7 +392,8 @@ export class PersonService extends BaseService {
      return JobStatus.SKIPPED;
    }

-    await this.jobRepository.waitForQueueCompletion(QueueName.THUMBNAIL_GENERATION, QueueName.FACE_DETECTION);
+    // todo
+    // await this.jobRepository.waitForQueueCompletion(QueueName.THUMBNAIL_GENERATION, QueueName.FACE_DETECTION);

    if (nightly) {
      const [state, latestFaceDate] = await Promise.all([
--- a/server/src/types.ts
+++ b/server/src/types.ts
@ -256,16 +256,13 @@ export interface INotifyAlbumUpdateJob extends IEntityJob, IDelayedJob {

 export interface JobCounts {
  active: number;
-  completed: number;
-  failed: number;
-  delayed: number;
  waiting: number;
-  paused: number;
+  delayed: number;
+  failed: number;
 }

 export interface QueueStatus {
-  isActive: boolean;
-  isPaused: boolean;
+  paused: boolean;
 }

 export type JobItem =
@ -450,6 +447,14 @@ export type MemoriesState = {
  lastOnThisDayDate: string;
 };

+export type QueueState = {
+  paused: boolean;
+};
+
+export type QueuesState = {
+  [key in QueueName]?: QueueState;
+};
+
 export interface SystemMetadata extends Record<SystemMetadataKey, Record<string, any>> {
  [SystemMetadataKey.ADMIN_ONBOARDING]: { isOnboarded: boolean };
  [SystemMetadataKey.FACIAL_RECOGNITION_STATE]: { lastRun?: string };
@ -459,6 +464,7 @@ export interface SystemMetadata extends Record<SystemMetadataKey, Record<string,
  [SystemMetadataKey.SYSTEM_FLAGS]: DeepPartial<SystemFlags>;
  [SystemMetadataKey.VERSION_CHECK_STATE]: VersionCheckMetadata;
  [SystemMetadataKey.MEMORIES_STATE]: MemoriesState;
+  [SystemMetadataKey.QUEUES_STATE]: QueuesState;
 }

 export type UserMetadataItem<T extends keyof UserMetadata = UserMetadataKey> = {
--- a/server/src/utils/database.ts
+++ b/server/src/utils/database.ts
@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export const asPostgresConnectionConfig = (params: DatabaseConnectionParams) =>
    return {
      host: params.host,
      port: params.port,
-      username: params.username,
+      user: params.username,
      password: params.password,
      database: params.database,
      ssl: undefined,
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export const asPostgresConnectionConfig = (params: DatabaseConnectionParams) =>
  return {
    host: host ?? undefined,
    port: port ? Number(port) : undefined,
-    username: user,
+    user,
    password,
    database: database ?? undefined,
    ssl,
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export const getKyselyConfig = (
        },
        host: config.host,
        port: config.port,
-        username: config.username,
+        user: config.user,
        password: config.password,
        database: config.database,
        ssl: config.ssl,
--- a/server/start.sh
+++ b/server/start.sh
@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ read_file_and_export "DB_HOSTNAME_FILE" "DB_HOSTNAME"
 read_file_and_export "DB_DATABASE_NAME_FILE" "DB_DATABASE_NAME"
 read_file_and_export "DB_USERNAME_FILE" "DB_USERNAME"
 read_file_and_export "DB_PASSWORD_FILE" "DB_PASSWORD"
-read_file_and_export "REDIS_PASSWORD_FILE" "REDIS_PASSWORD"

 export CPU_CORES="${CPU_CORES:=$(./get-cpus.sh)}"
 echo "Detected CPU Cores: $CPU_CORES"
--- a/server/test/repositories/config.repository.mock.ts
+++ b/server/test/repositories/config.repository.mock.ts
@ -8,12 +8,6 @@ const envData: EnvData = {
  environment: ImmichEnvironment.PRODUCTION,

  buildMetadata: {},
-  bull: {
-    config: {
-      prefix: 'immich_bull',
-    },
-    queues: [{ name: 'queue-1' }],
-  },

  cls: {
    config: {},
@ -52,12 +46,6 @@ const envData: EnvData = {
    },
  },

-  redis: {
-    host: 'redis',
-    port: 6379,
-    db: 0,
-  },
-
  resourcePaths: {
    lockFile: 'build-lock.json',
    geodata: {
--- a/server/test/repositories/job.repository.mock.ts
+++ b/server/test/repositories/job.repository.mock.ts
@ -5,18 +5,16 @@ import { Mocked, vitest } from 'vitest';
 export const newJobRepositoryMock = (): Mocked<RepositoryInterface<JobRepository>> => {
  return {
    setup: vitest.fn(),
-    startWorkers: vitest.fn(),
-    run: vitest.fn(),
-    setConcurrency: vitest.fn(),
-    empty: vitest.fn(),
+    start: vitest.fn(),
+    stop: vitest.fn(),
    pause: vitest.fn(),
    resume: vitest.fn(),
+    run: vitest.fn(),
    queue: vitest.fn().mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve()),
    queueAll: vitest.fn().mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve()),
-    getQueueStatus: vitest.fn(),
-    getJobCounts: vitest.fn(),
    clear: vitest.fn(),
-    waitForQueueCompletion: vitest.fn(),
-    removeJob: vitest.fn(),
+    clearFailed: vitest.fn(),
+    getJobCounts: vitest.fn(),
+    getQueueStatus: vitest.fn(),
  };
 };
--- a/web/src/lib/components/admin-page/jobs/job-tile.svelte
+++ b/web/src/lib/components/admin-page/jobs/job-tile.svelte
@ -47,20 +47,20 @@
    onCommand,
  }: Props = $props();

-  let waitingCount = $derived(jobCounts.waiting + jobCounts.paused + jobCounts.delayed);
-  let isIdle = $derived(!queueStatus.isActive && !queueStatus.isPaused);
+  let waitingCount = $derived(jobCounts.waiting + jobCounts.delayed);
+  let idle = $derived(jobCounts.active + jobCounts.waiting + jobCounts.delayed === 0);
  let multipleButtons = $derived(allText || refreshText);

-  const commonClasses = 'flex place-items-center justify-between w-full py-2 sm:py-4 pe-4 ps-6';
+  const commonClasses = 'flex place-items-center justify-between w-full py-2 sm:py-4 pr-4 pl-6';
 </script>

 <div
  class="flex flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-2xl bg-gray-100 dark:bg-immich-dark-gray sm:flex-row sm:rounded-[35px]"
 >
  <div class="flex w-full flex-col">
-    {#if queueStatus.isPaused}
+    {#if queueStatus.paused}
      <JobTileStatus color="warning">{$t('paused')}</JobTileStatus>
-    {:else if queueStatus.isActive}
+    {:else if !idle}
      <JobTileStatus color="success">{$t('active')}</JobTileStatus>
    {/if}
    <div class="flex flex-col gap-2 p-5 sm:p-7 md:p-9">
@ -119,12 +119,12 @@
        </div>

        <div
-          class="{commonClasses} flex-row-reverse rounded-b-lg bg-gray-200 text-immich-dark-bg dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-immich-gray sm:rounded-s-none sm:rounded-e-lg"
+          class="{commonClasses} rounded-b-lg bg-gray-200 text-immich-dark-bg dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-immich-gray sm:rounded-s-none sm:rounded-e-lg"
        >
+          <p>{$t('waiting')}</p>
          <p class="text-2xl">
            {waitingCount.toLocaleString($locale)}
          </p>
-          <p>{$t('waiting')}</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
@ -139,54 +139,52 @@
        <Icon path={mdiAlertCircle} size="36" />
        {$t('disabled').toUpperCase()}
      </JobTileButton>
-    {/if}
-
-    {#if !disabled && !isIdle}
-      {#if waitingCount > 0}
-        <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Empty, force: false })}>
+    {:else}
+      {#if !idle}
+        <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Clear, force: false })}>
          <Icon path={mdiClose} size="24" />
          {$t('clear').toUpperCase()}
        </JobTileButton>
      {/if}
-      {#if queueStatus.isPaused}
-        {@const size = waitingCount > 0 ? '24' : '48'}
-        <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Resume, force: false })}>
+
+      {#if multipleButtons && idle}
+        {#if allText}
+          <JobTileButton color="dark-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: true })}>
+            <Icon path={mdiAllInclusive} size="24" />
+            {allText}
+          </JobTileButton>
+        {/if}
+        {#if refreshText}
+          <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: undefined })}>
+            <Icon path={mdiImageRefreshOutline} size="24" />
+            {refreshText}
+          </JobTileButton>
+        {/if}
+        <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: false })}>
+          <Icon path={mdiSelectionSearch} size="24" />
+          {missingText}
+        </JobTileButton>
+      {/if}
+
+      {#if !multipleButtons && idle}
+        <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: false })}>
+          <Icon path={mdiPlay} size="24" />
+          {missingText}
+        </JobTileButton>
+      {/if}
+
+      {#if queueStatus.paused}
+        <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Resume, force: false })}>
          <!-- size property is not reactive, so have to use width and height -->
-          <Icon path={mdiFastForward} {size} />
+          <Icon path={mdiFastForward} size="24" />
          {$t('resume').toUpperCase()}
        </JobTileButton>
      {:else}
-        <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Pause, force: false })}>
+        <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Pause, force: false })}>
          <Icon path={mdiPause} size="24" />
          {$t('pause').toUpperCase()}
        </JobTileButton>
      {/if}
    {/if}
-
-    {#if !disabled && multipleButtons && isIdle}
-      {#if allText}
-        <JobTileButton color="dark-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: true })}>
-          <Icon path={mdiAllInclusive} size="24" />
-          {allText}
-        </JobTileButton>
-      {/if}
-      {#if refreshText}
-        <JobTileButton color="gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: undefined })}>
-          <Icon path={mdiImageRefreshOutline} size="24" />
-          {refreshText}
-        </JobTileButton>
-      {/if}
-      <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: false })}>
-        <Icon path={mdiSelectionSearch} size="24" />
-        {missingText}
-      </JobTileButton>
-    {/if}
-
-    {#if !disabled && !multipleButtons && isIdle}
-      <JobTileButton color="light-gray" onClick={() => onCommand({ command: JobCommand.Start, force: false })}>
-        <Icon path={mdiPlay} size="48" />
-        {missingText}
-      </JobTileButton>
-    {/if}
  </div>
 </div>
--- a/web/src/lib/components/admin-page/jobs/jobs-panel.svelte
+++ b/web/src/lib/components/admin-page/jobs/jobs-panel.svelte
@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
      jobs[jobId] = await sendJobCommand({ id: jobId, jobCommandDto: jobCommand });

      switch (jobCommand.command) {
-        case JobCommand.Empty: {
+        case JobCommand.Clear: {
          notificationController.show({
            message: $t('admin.cleared_jobs', { values: { job: title } }),
            type: NotificationType.Info,